Pythonista

An extension of python, focusing on built in functions.

This page focuses on the Built-in Functions

How can I get the absolute value of a number num?

result = abs(num)

Paste Example

num_1 = -7
abs_num_1 = abs(num_1)
print(f"abs_num_1: {abs_num_1}")

How can I check if every element in an array values is True?

result = all(values)

Paste Example

values_1 = [True, True, True]
is_all = all(values_1)
print(f"is_all: {is_all}")

values_2 = [True, False, True]
is_all = all(values_2)
print(f"is_all: {is_all}")

How can I check if any element in an array values is True?

result = any(values)

Paste Example

values_1 = [True, True, True]
is_all = any(values_1)
print(f"is_all: {is_all}")

values_2 = [False, False, False]
is_all = any(values_2)
print(f"is_all: {is_all}")

How can I get a string containing a printable representation of an object?

my_string = ascii({'hello':'world'})

Paste Example

obj_as_string = ascii({'hello':'world'})
print(f"obj_as_string: {obj_as_string}")

How can I convert an integer number to a binary string?

my_binary_str = bin(3)

Paste Example

my_binary_str = bin(3)
print(f"my_binary_str: {my_binary_str}")

How can I drop into a debugger at a specific point in my code?

breakpoint()

Paste Example

print("Hello")
breakpoint()
print("World")

How can I get an array of bytes (that's mutable)?

encoded_str = str.encode("Hello World")
my_bytearray = bytearray(encoded_str)

encoded_str = str.encode("Hello World")
my_bytearray = bytearray(encoded_str)
print(f"my_bytearray: {my_bytearray}")
# for idx, value in enumerate(my_bytearray):
#     print(f"At {idx}: {value}")
print("It's mutable:")
print(f"Before: {my_bytearray[3]}")
my_bytearray[3] = 109
print(f"After: {my_bytearray[3]}")

What is a bytearray?

The bytearray class is a mutable sequence of integers in the range 0 <= x < 256

https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#func-bytearray

What is the difference between byte and bytearray?

The primary difference is that a bytes object is immutable, meaning that once created, you cannot modify its elements. By contrast, a bytearray object allows you to modify its elements

How can I get an array of bytes (that's immutable)?

encoded_str = str.encode("Hello World")
my_bytes = bytes(encoded_str)
print(f"my_bytes: {my_bytearray}")
# for idx, value in enumerate(my_bytes):
#     print(f"At {idx}: {value}")
print("It's immutable:")
print(f"Before: {my_bytes[3]}")
my_bytes[3] = 109
print(f"After: {my_bytes[3]}")

How can I get the character whose unicode point is the integer i?

chr(i)

Paste Example

my_chr = chr(98)
print(f"my_chr: {my_chr}")

How can I convert value n, a string or number, to a complex number?

complex(n)

Paste Example

s = "1+2j"
my_complex = complex(s)
print(f"my_complex: {my_complex}")

n = 15.667
my_complex = complex(n)
print(f"my_complex: {my_complex}")

How can I delete an attribute from my Python object?

my_obj = SomeObject()
delattr(my_obj, 'some_attr')

Paste Example

class Meal():
    def __init__(self, peas, carrots):
        self.peas = peas
        self.carrots = carrots

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.__class__) + ": " + str(self.__dict__)

my_meal = Meal(True, True) 
print(f"my_meal: {my_meal}")

print("Goodbye Peas")

delattr(my_meal, 'peas')
print(f"my_meal: {my_meal}")

How can I create a new dictionary?

my_dict = dict()

Paste Example

my_dict = dict()
my_dict["hello"] = "world"
print(f"my_dict: {my_dict}")

How can I get a list of names (variables, obj, etc) in the current local scope?

names = dir()

Paste Example

names = dir()
print(f"names: {names}")

Given two numbers a and b, how can I get the quotient and remainder?

a, b = 21, 5
quot, remainder = divmod(a,b)

Paste Example

a, b = 21, 5
quot, remainder = divmod(a,b)
print(f"quot: {quot}")
print(f"remainder: {remainder}")

How can I loop through a list with an index

my_list = ["fall","winter","spring","summer"]
list_of_tuples = enumerate(my_list)

Paste Example

for index, value in enumerate(my_list):
    print(f"item {value} is at index {index}")

How can I filter items a list that with a custom function?

def function(item):
    return True if "i" in item else False

iterable = ["spring","fall","summer","winter"]
result = filter(function, iterable)
for i in result:
    print(i)